Furnace



Aug. 15, 1933. L w, DAMAN 1,922,421

' FURNACE Filed May 28, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l 2/ 3/ 2 I as //Vl N TOR.

Aug. 15, 1933.

L. W. DAMAN FURNACE Filed May 28, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FVG. /O

fizzy/M2 4. ATTORNEY 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 #66 INVENTOR.

7'7'OANEY.

L. W. DAMAN Aug. 15 1933.

FURNACE Filed May 28, 1930 ular manner of deliveringiit'iormanipulation, as pointed out in theclainis for novelty following a theinvention; r a

The objects of theinvention areto increase the efficiency of furnaces inthe generationof steam and the production of hot water'in heating-plants'or fcrrother purposes, by so handling thecoal or other hard fuel asto-maintain its movement from its. original condition to its stateofash, V

under edge'iof the bar inside of the'lug 19,-thus Patent d Au 1s, 193sTheinvention relates toa furnace, as: described in the presentspecification and-illustrated in the accompanying drawings. thatformpartof v the same.. a u v a The invention consists essentially inthe novel 'means employed for automatically manipulating the fuel withinthefir'eboxand: of the particdescription inwdetail ofanfacceptablefformcof andthereby obtain in heating units anlequivalentof the maximum properties of the fuel; 'to pro mote the combustion: ofthe fuel 'whenit reaches the firebox and thereby facilitate its" forwardmovement, and at the same'time eflfecteconomyt in regard to the quantityof fuel consumed; to eliminate the smoke nuisance, and consequentlyutilize the full complement of heating gases for the purposesof thefurnaceyand generally to provide in heating and steam generating equip'ments' a heating element that will produce first class results at aminimum expenditure of money on fuel and labor. I l

In the drawingavFigure 1 is a perspective view of the interior ofthe'firebox from the rear showing some of the particular featuresconcerned in this-invention. r

' Figurel2 is an elevational detail of a grate bar Figure 3 is anelevational detail of an'eccentric shaftforming part of thegrate'mechanism-"a'nd here shown as brokenaway.

Figure 4flisla plan view of aneccentricbox showing thestroke adjustingniechanismi I 1 Figure 5 isa fragmentary'detail showing a grate bar andthe mountings.

Figure 6 is a perspectiveview'of the furnace front showing the motivepowerand operating connections'fifl V Figure 7 is a detail of wormand'gear connection."'f' Figure 8 is a sectional, detail of theprogressive feedmembers. 7 3 15L h Figure 9 is .a perspectivedetailoftheaspring dog operating plate. 7 Figure 1 is an elevational view ofthefurnace frontshowing the. air, cooling connections. Figure-ll is adetail of;the,-hopperagitator implan I; r r a 7 g the backwall32landlegs 37. V I

The grate bars are inclineddownwardlyffrom "Figure 1 2 is a sectionaldetail ems fire door Figure 13' is'a fragmentary viewofthe pivoted 1 endof a? grate 'bar and pivot.

:-Like' numerals-of reference indicate spondingparts in the variousfigures. 'Referring tothe; drawingsxithe numerals 15 indicates a gratebar-of which there are ayconcorrefsiderable numbnand this grate bar isformed i withthe jaw 16 extending into one end ofthe bar ina veryslightjupward mcline and forming the lug-17 a little offset downwardlyfromthe' main portion of the bar. f r I The teeth 18 extend upwardlyfromthe bar: towards thev other end and at this otherend the bar isreduced to form the lug119' curvedgdownwardly. v V The'bearing slot 20extends; upwardly from the one end this shaft terminates in the journal22 and the square tip 23, and at the other end in the journal 24.: I

The bar bearings 20 are mountedion: the ec- 7 'centrics 25 and 26,therefore by rotating theshaft the bars are alternately lifted anddropped. a v The shaft 27 is one of a pairsand these. shafts grate barsand these grate bars rock on the shafts These-grate, barsand the-shaftsmentioned g v aresupported in a frame '28isecuredto a'furnace' 1 front29 and the sidewalls 30 of the frame '28 rise 1 above-the grate barsand'extend'to-a short-dis tance inwardly overthe lugs'l9 as indicatedat131.- a The shafts 27 areparalle1ly arranged in the central portionoftheframe and are rigidly-"sej cured to the furnacefront andto thebackwall 32 ofthe frame 28, and are shownon either side of thecentralfuel trough 33 which constitutes the path of the fuel that is constantlyfed intothe furnace and which is intended to'rise overlthe inner endsor: jaw ends of the grate-bars and be 3 deposited'thereon: r I l Theeccentric shafts 21 are journalled. atthe 7 rear ends in the bearingplates '34 adjustably secured over the slots 35 in the back -wall'32above the tierods 36 of the frame, which extend befront 29 in tween andare secured to the furnace the shafts; 27 to theishafts 21 and thelatter shafts at their front ends'arejournalled in the bearings 38;in-conformance withthe shape of the frame 23 and therefore the tendencyof the fuel is constant movement, but naturally combustion occurs andincandescence, which results in the deposit of the ash below the gratebars practically from end to end and thereover at the lower side, as itis estimated that the fuel will under the most unfavorable conditions becompletely consumed at the lower end of the bars.

The trough 33 extends through the furnace front under the fuel hopper39, which during the operation of the furnace is kept constantly full offuel.

The eccentric shafts 21 are journalled as explained in the bearings 28in the furnace front and the square tips 23 project through thesebearings and furnace front.

The gear case LG is rigidly secured to the furnace front and contains aworm gear 41 fixedly mounted on one of the eccentric shafts 21, therebeing, as will be readily understood, a similar gear at the other sideof the furnace on the other eccentric shaft 21, in fact, while themechanism is explained on the one side it is obvious that the samemechanism occurs on the outer side in so far as the grate bars and theiroperating parts are concerned. 1

The worm shaft 42 carries a worm coacting with the worm gear 41 and isjournalled in bearings 43 on the furnace front and extends into andthrough the casing 44 and at the inner end thereof carries the bevelpinion e5 coacting with the bevel gear 46 mounted on the driven shaft470:. The bevel gear 416 naturally drives two pinions, one for one sideof the furnace and one for the other side of the furnace, thus the twoshafts 21 are kept in constant motion at the speed desired.

A motor 48 operates through its shaft 49, a gear set 50 constituting thechange speeds from which the crown gear 51 and pinion 52 are driven andconsequently the shaft 4'7. The speed changes are effected by the lever53 in the customary manner in such mechanisms.

The eccentric boxes 5l-and 55 are mounted on the driven shaft 4'7 andhave the arcuate end faces registering with the peripheries of theeccentrics 56 and 57 fixedly mounted on the shaft 47 and contained insaid boxes.

The blocks 58 having the inner arcuate faces 59 slide in the boxes 54and 55 and are adjusted in said boxes bythe wheels 60 and 61respectively so as to lengthen or shorten the stroke of the eccentricsin the boxes and consequently the travel of the feeding members, throughthe screw spindles threaded in the back walls of the boxes and swivellyattached to the blocks 58.

The eccentrics 56 and 57 may be operated at as many speeds as may beprovided in the gearset and also the eccentric shafts 21 and grate bars.In this instance there are three speeds as customary in the driving ofmotor vehicles, which are usually termed low gear, second gear and highgear. 1

It will beseen that the eccentric shafts and cocentrics may be driven atthe rate chosen, the

y former by the worms and worm wheels and-the latter by the driven shaft47 of the'eccentric shafts. At low gear the grate bars will rock veryslowly indeed, just keeping up the motion. At second gear orintermediate speed the rocking will be more pronounced, and at highspeed the furnace grate throughout will be very well shaken.

The portion of the trough extending through the furnace front forms thehopper box 62, in which the plunger 63 operates, this plunger 63 beingpivotally connected by the connecting rod 64 to the eccentric box 54 orcrank mounted on the driven shaft l7, so that during the rotation of thedriven shaft the plunger is intended to reciprocate in the hopper boxthereby pushing the fuel dropping down from the hopper into the hopperbox 62.

The sliding bottom 65 of the trough at 66 and is connected to theswinging bars 67 through the pivoted dogs 68 the dogs being pivotallysecured at 69 to the bottom 65 and pivotally secured to the lugs '70rigidly secured to the underside of the swinging bars 67, said bottom 65having the tongue 67a from the bottom thereof.

The dogs 68 are formed with the pusher flange 71 extending downwardlyfrom the arm 72, which is slotted projects forwardly from the hub 73mounted on the pivots 69 and having the lugs 74 dropped therefrom andpivotally secured to the lugs '70, thus insuring the parallel swingingmotion of the bars .67 and bottom 65.

The dogs 68 operate in the slots 66 in the bottom 65 so that at therearward movement of the swinging bars 67 there is a pause before thebottom 65 moves and it is .during this pause that the dogs swing ontheir pivots anddisappear in the rearward movement, but in the beginningof the forward movement they swing upwardly and push the fuel, but thisforwardmovernent moves the parallel bars and bottom a short distanceahead and this movement continuing progresses the fuel in the trough 33,until the trough is quite full and overflows on to. the grate bars oneither side. 7

The coupling '75 is pivotally secured to the swinging bars 67 by thepivots 76 at either side and is formed with the body '77 having thetongue slot '73 providing for a limited lost motion in the strokes andat the rear of said body the jaw 79 and pivot 80 joining it to theconnecting rod 81 extending from the box 55, in which the eccentricoperates to move the bottom 65 through the strokes of the bars 67.

The bevel gear '32 shown as mounted on the driven shaft 47, coacts withthe bevel gear 83 on the shaft 84 which carries at its other end thebevel gear 85 coacting with the bevel gear 86 mounted on the shaft 87which maybe used for a blower mechanism, not herein shown 01' described.a

It may be explained that between the back wall 32 and furnace front 29,the air chambers 88 on either side of the fire box form the bases forthe brick work and have the front walls 89 slotted at 90 intermediatelyunder the flat tops 91 of said chambers, the said front walls 89 havingthe bevelled undersides 92 adapted to form the edges 93 to cut clinkers.

Thechambers 88 extendthroughthe furnace front and the air boxes 94 coverin said passages and are fixedly secured to the front and have theinlets 95 connected by the pipes 96;00 a supply of air preferably aboveatmospheric pressure or supplied by a blower under a forced draftsystem.

The flexible metal fireproof t'ubings-Q'Tand 98 extend from the outlets99 of the boxes 94 to the the doorsl00 and 101 and particularlyto theinlets 102 and 103 entering the chamberslOd respectively which aresituated'betwee'n the perforated linings 105 and the dished doors.

The hopper 39 in use isv sometimes bridged by screenings thereby holdingup the feed, consequently it is desirableto' agitate the contents of thehopper and this is done by introducing the said trough, eccentric sh Ieccentrics and journalledfinv said front and saidv poker 106 into theslot 1071in the hopper. "wall .cent'rics and iournalled. in said front:and'said towards the lower end and thiepoker. 106Jforms an arm from theeccentric strap. losf'encircling- .the eccentric 109 mounted onthedrivenshaft '47.

.The agitation by the waggling-poker-keeps thefuel from clogging up the.hopper and insures regularity in the feed. i The'eccentric shafts 21journalled 'infthe-pla'tes 34 are adjusted in the slots 35 by theeccentrics 96 mounted on the tie rods 36 andsupportingsaid plates. 1: h

In the operation. of this invention, the hopper is filled with coal:andkept filled by-rhand or'by .any other conveyer mechanism, andthisi'coa'l drops intothe hopper box and from'gthere. is

pushed forward by the plunger asihas alread'y been-explained, and keptin its forward movement until it progresses throughinto the "troughbetween the sides of-ithe grates formed by the" gratebarsr This trough isfilled land; overflows onto the grate bars, which are lifting anddropping alternately, this being accomplishedby the rotation of theeccentric shafts, eacheccentric on, these shafts being the reverse ofthe adiaeente'ccentric; I

so that the grate bars lift and fall insequence respectively, that is tosay, one lifts and the, next :onefalls. and the next one lifts 'andthenext-one until it eventually reaches a state of iash, :of course by thismeans very hot fire-may be maintained though in thelslower movement of,the "feed and of the agitation the 'strength of the fire is considerablyreducedand these changes in speeds maybe made bythe variable speedmechanism :by means of alever attachedv thereto in very much the sameway that speed changes are made in vehicular traflic.

Theout'standing advantages of' course are the promotion of combustion,the-absence of clinkers J and the steady maintenance of the feed.

What I claim is:- I I 1. In self stoking furnaces, a' furnace front, a

' '''l firebox frame rigidly secured to-said front, am'og tor having itsshaft cperatively connected. to driven shaft, a mechanical stokerdriving the fuel into the centerof the firebox and operatively connected to said driven shaft, a central fuel trough -1 in the firebox,pivot shafts rigidly secured to the furnace front and firehcxframe oneither side of a s having alternating frame. adjacent to the side wailsof saidframe,

grate hare pivotally mounted on said'pivot' shafts V v ,and meansconnecting said eccentrics to said at'their inner and bearing on saideccentrics at their outer ends, means connecting said sticker to saiddriven shaft and means connecting said eccentrics to said driven shaft:e

2. In self stoking furnaces, a furnace front having shaft bearings, ahopper and motive power "equipment connected thereto, a-firebox framerigidly secured to said front, a motor having its shaft operativelyconnected to-aidriven shaft, a

' mechanical stoker driving the fuel into thecen ter of the firebox andoperatively connected to said driven ishaft, a central fuel trough inthe .-I trough, eccentric, shafts having alternating ec-' frame adjacentto the side walls of. .said frame,

grate bars pivotally mounted on said pivot shafts at their inner 'endsand bearing-on saidieccentrics at their outer ends, means connectingsaid .stoker a to said-drivenzshaft; andmeans connectingsaid eccentricstojsaid driven shaft. 1 ,3. Inself lstolting furnaces, a furnacefront,'a

firebox frame havings'ide' walls overhanging the grate, a back wallstanding .on legs and tie rods .securing'the back wall and-legs to thefront, .a *motor having its :shaftoperatively connected to a driven:sh'aft,": a mechanical 'stokerdriving the fuel into the center of. the:firebox andoperatively connected-trio, said driven shaft, a centralfuel trough in the firebox,- pivot jshafts rigidly secured to'the'furnace front and; firebox frame "on either side of said. trough,eccentric shafts having :al-

ternating :eccentrics and journalled .in said front and .saidframeadjacent tothe said walls of .said 1 frame, grate bars ,pivotallymounted on said lpivot into change gears and a driven shaft operativelyconnected to the gear set giving the changes in speed in theseveralmovements,i a-mechanical 'stoker driving the fuel into the centerof the fire-' box. and operatively connected to :said driven? shaft,acentral fuel trough inthe firebox, pivot shafts rigidly secured to ,thefurnace front and firebox; frame on'either side'ofsaid trough,eccengtric shafts having. alternating eccentrics and'journalledin saidfront and said frame adjacent to the side walls of said frame, gratebars pivotally mounted onsaid ipivot shaftsat-theirjnner ends and.bearing on eccentrics at their outer ends,

means connecting said stoker to saiddriven shaft,

.and'means connecting said eccentrics to said I a .centralqfuel troughin the firebox, pivot shafts rigidly secured to the furnace-front andfirebox framefon. either side of said trough, eccentric -shafts havingalternating eccentrics and journalled in said front and said frameadjacent to the sidewalls ofasaid frame, grate bars pivot ally mountedon said pivot shafts at their inner ends and bearing on eccentrics attheir outer ends, means'connecting said stokerto said driven shaft,

driven shaft.

6. In self'stoking furnaces, a furnace front, a firebox. frame F'rigidlysecured to said front, a

'motor having its shaft operatively connected to a driven shaft, a.mechanical stoker having a plungeroperating at the lower end of ahopper. and connected to an eccentric on said driven shaft and drivingthe fuel into the firebox, a central fuel trough in the firebox, pivotshafts rigidly secured tothe furnace front and firebox frame on 'afirebox' frame rigidly secured to said front,..a V

either side of. said trough, eccentric shafts having alternatingeccentrics and journalled in said front and said frame adjacent to' theside walls of said frame, grate bars pivotally mounted on said pivotshafts at their inner ends and bearing on eccentrics at their outerends, means connecting said stoker to said driven shaft, and meansconnecting said eccentrics to said driven shaft.

7. In'self stoking furnaces, a furnace front, a firebox frame rigidlysecured to said front, a motor having its shaft operatively connectedto'a driven shaft, a mechanical stoker having a reciprocating plungerand a sliding bottom having disappearing dogs reciprocally operating inthe center of the firebox, a central fuel trough in the firebox, pivotshafts rigidly secured to the furnace front and firebox frame on eitherside of said trough, eccentric shafts having alternating eccentrics andjournalled in said front and said frame adjacent to the side walls ofsaid frame, grate bars pivotally mounted on said pivot shafts at theirinner ends and bearing on eccentrics at their outer ends, meansconnecting said stoker to said driven shaft, and means con,- nectingsaid eccentrics to said driven shaft.

8. In self stoking furnaces, a furnace front, a firebox frame rigidlysecured to said front, a motor having its shaft operatively connected toa driven shaft, variable speed mechanism introduced between said motorand driven shaft, a

mechanical stoker having a plunger and a car rier plate operating atvarying speeds controlled by said variable speed mechanism, a'centralfuel trough in the firebox, pivot shafts rigidly secured to the furnacefront and firebox frame on either side of said trough, eccentric shaftshaving alternating eccentrics and journalled in said front and saidframe adjaoent to the side Walls of said "3 frame, grate bars pivotallymounted on said pivot shafts at their inner ends and bearing oneccentrics at their outer ends, means connecting said stoker to saiddriven shaft, and means connecting said eccentrics to said driven shaft.7

9. In self stoking furnaces, a furnace front, a firebox frame rigidlysecured to said front, a motor having its shaft operatively connected toa' driven shaft, a mechanical stoker driving the fuel into the center ofthe firebox and operatively connected to said driven shaft a' centralfuel trough in the firebox"; pivot shafts rigidly secured to the furnacefront and firebox frame on either side of said trough, eccentric shaftshaving alternating eccentrics and journalled in said front and saidframe adjacent to the side walls of said frame, grate bars pivotallymounted on said pivot shafts at their inner ends and bearing oneccentrics at their outer ends, means connecting said stoker to saiddriven shaft, Worm wheels mounted on said-eccentric shafts and wormshaving their shafts operatively connected to said driven shaft.

10. In self stoking furnaces, a furnace front, a firebox frame rigidlysecured to said front, a motor having its shaft operatively connected toa driven shaft, a mechanical stoker driving the fuel into the center ofthe firebox and operatively connected to said driven shaft, a centralfuel trough in the firebox, pivot shafts rigidly secured to the furnacefront and firebox frame on either side of said trough, eccentric shaftshaving alternating eccentrics and journalled in said front and saidframe adjacent to the side Walls of said frame, grate bars pivotallymounted on said pivot shafts at their inner ends and bearing oneccentrics at their outer ends, means connecting said stoker to saiddriven shaft, Worm Wheels having casings secured to the furnace front,worm shafts and worms having casings secured to the furnace front andforming bearings, and gear mechanism connecting said Worm shaft to thesaid driven shaft. 7

11. In a self stoking furnace, a hopper, a trough having a slidingbottom and pushers therein, a plunger reciprocating under said hopper, adriven shaft, eccentrics mounted V thereon, boxes forming straps andhaving connecting rods therefrom, arcuate adjusting blocks in said boxeshaving adjusting screws, parallel swinging bars connected to said'pushers and bottom, and a coupling having a tongue slot receiving atongue from said bottom having a limited movement in the slot, saidcoupling joining a connecting rod and said parallel bars.

LOU IS W'HEITZEL DAL IAN.

eccentric

